Medical

Treatment of disease or symptoms with synthetic or naturally derived hormones.

An anatomical abnormality in which part of the stomach protrudes up through the diaphragm into the chest.

Also called shingles, zona, and zoster. The culprit is the varicella-zoster virus. Primary infection with this virus causes chickenpox (varicella).

A gene change that occurs in a germ cell (an egg or a sperm) and is then incorporated into every cell in the developing body of the new organism.

A genetic form of angioedema.

Inflammation of the liver due to the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is usually spread via blood transfusion, hemodialysis, and needle sticks.

Inflammation of the liver due to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), once thought to be passed only through blood products.

Spitting up blood or blood-tinged sputum from the respiratory tract. Hemoptysis occurs when tiny blood vessels that line the lung airways are broken.

Classic hemophilia, which is due to a profound deficiency in the activity of clotting factor VIII.

Blood in the urine. Hematuria may or may not be accompanied by pain, but it is always abnormal and should be further investigated.