Medical

Radiation therapy to the head that is intended to prevent cancer from spreading to the brain.

A combination of physical and mood disturbances that occur in the last half of a woman's menstrual cycle, after ovulation, and normally end with the onset of the menstrual flow. Abbreviated PMS.

Caused by a virus known as parvovirus B 19. Symptoms include low-grade fever, fatigue, a "slapped cheeks rash," and a rash over the whole body. The illness is not serious in children.

Pertaining to something that is not yet overtly cancerous, but appears to be on its way to becoming a cancer. Synonymous with premalignant.

A result that indicates that a given condition is present when it is not.

An autoimmune inflammatory disease of muscle that begins when white blood cells spontaneously invade muscles, especially those closest to the trunk or torso.

A disorder of the muscles and joints of older persons characterized by pain and stiffness, affecting both sides of the body, and involving the shoulders, arms, neck, and buttock areas.

Overproduction (proliferation) of red blood cells due to bone marrow disease (myeloproferative disorder).

One of the genetic disorders characterized by the development of innumerable cysts in the kidneys. These cysts are filled with fluid, and replace much of the mass of the kidneys.

Involving many joints, as opposed to monoarticular (affecting just one joint).